Bleeding Time (BT) and Clotting Time (CT) Test
Total Leukocyte Count (TLC) Test CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Increase in total leukocyte count of more than 10,000/ Cumm ( micrometer ) is known as leukocytosis and decrease of less than 4,000 Cumm ( microlitter ) as leukopenia Causes of Leukocytosis It is common for a transient period in infections . The degree of rise in leukocytes […]
HEMOCYTOMETRY The technique of counting of the blood cells is known as hemocytometry . This involves manual counting of the cell with the help of a microscope after diluting blood in respective diluting fluids . The cells most often counted by this technique are red cells white cells platelets and eosinophils . The differentiate the […]
Osmotic Fragility Test Of Erythrocyte INTRODUCTION Red blood cell membrane restricts the solutes and allows only water to pass through them(osmosis). if the cells are placed in hypertonic solution sodium chloride (solution concentrated than normal saline e.g. 2%, (W/V), they shrink due to exosmosis. The red cells absorb water when kept in hypertonic solution (solution […]
Preparation of Lupus Erythematosus (LE) Cell INTRODUCTION Antinuclear antibodies occur in the serum in a wide range of autoimmune disorders, including systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A characteristic of SLE is the presence of 7S IgG antibodies to double standard DNA (ds – DNA). LE (lupus erythematosus) cells are a type of abnormal immune cell that […]
PCV ( packed cell volume ) is the amount of packed red blood cells following centrifugation expressed as percentage of the total blood volume . Packed Cell Volume (PCV) or Hematocrit (HCT) test performe by various following Methods. Hematocrit (HCT) Test By Macro – hematocrit Clinical significance : – Fall of hematocrit value are observed […]
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Analysis What is CSF ? The Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is formed by selective dialysis of plasma by the choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain . Through the foramina in tha fourth ventricle it then passes into subarachnoid cisterns at the base of the brain and travels over the surface of […]
Estimation of Hemoglobin by Sahli method Clinical Significance A decrease in hemoglobin below normal range is an indication of anemia. An Increase in hemoglobin concentration occurs in hemoconcentration due to loss of body fluid in saver diarrhea and vomiting. High values are also observed in congenital heart disease (due to reduce oxygen supply) in emphysema […]